Experimental Examination of The Effect of Length and Percentage of Steel Fibers on The Tension and Compression Strengths of Concrete

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master of civil Eng.-Earthquake Eng., Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran.

2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran.

3 Ph.D. in civil Engineering, Earthquake Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran.

Abstract

Fiber concretes, as a new generations of concrete, have considerably attracted the attention of researchers and engineers for a couple of decades. Fibers play a very important role for improving the weaknesses of concrete, including the tensile and flexural strengths of concrete. In this paper, the effect of length and percentage of steel fibers on the tensile and compressive strengths of concrete is investigated. For this propose, three concrete samples including plain concrete and fiber concretes with steel fibers with lengths of 3 and 5 cm each with different volume ratios (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 1.5%) have been tested. In addition, the samples of the plain concrete are made to determine the effect of fibers on the strength of the concrete. Afterward, using the hydrulic jack machine, both tension and compression strength tests are performed on the concrete specimens.  Based on the obtained results, it is observed that with increasing the length and percentage of steel fibers, the tensile and compressive strengths of the concrete specimens are increased.  Furtheromre, the samples containing a combination of 3 and 5 cm steel fibers in concrete have lower strength than samples with only 5 cm fibers and more strength than samples with only 3 cm fibers.  According to experiments, in order to increase the tensile and compressive strength of concrete, the use of 5 cm steel fibers with different percentages is preferable to 3 cm steel fibers.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Graybeal BA. Compressive behavior of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete. ACI materials journal. 2007 Mar 1;104(2):146. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[2] Habel K, Viviani M, Denarié E, Brühwiler E. Development of the mechanical properties of an ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). Cement and Concrete Research. 2006 Jul 1;36(7):1362-70. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[3] Bošnjak J, Sharma A, Grauf K. Mechanical properties of concrete with steel and polypropylene fibres at elevated temperatures. fibers. 2019 Feb;7(2):9. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[4] Boulekbache B, Hamrat M, Chemrouk M, Amziane S. Influence of yield stress and compressive strength on direct shear behaviour of steel fibre-reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2012 Feb 1;27(1):6-14. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[5] Ali M, Liu A, Sou H, Chouw N. Mechanical and dynamic properties of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials. 2012 May 1;30:814-25. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[6] Sivakumar A, Santhanam M. Mechanical properties of high strength concrete reinforced with metallic and non-metallic fibres. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2007 Sep 1;29(8):603-8. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[7] Yao W, Li J, Wu K. Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete at low fiber volume fraction. Cement and concrete research. 2003 Jan 1;33(1):27-30. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[8] Singh SP, Singh AP, Bajaj V. Strength and flexural toughness of concrete reinforced with steel-polypropylene hybrid fibres, 2010, ,11(4), 495-507. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[9] Murali G, Vardhan CV, Prabu R, Khan ZM, Mohamed TA, Suresh T. Experimental investigation on fibre reinforced concrete using waste materials. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN. 2012 Mar;2248(9622):278-83. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[10] Guendouz M, Debieb F, Boukendakdji O, Kadri EH, Bentchikou M, Soualhi H. Use of plastic waste in sand concrete. J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 2016 Oct;7(2):382-9. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[11] Rahmani, E., Dehestani, M., Beygi, M. H. A., Allahyari, H., & Nikbin, I. M. (2013). On the mechanical properties of concrete containing waste PET particles. Construction and Building Materials, 47, 1302-1308. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
 [12] Domke, P. V., Improvement in the strength of concrete by using industrial and agricultural waste. IOSR journal of engineering, 2012, 2(4), 755-759. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[13] Gull I, Balasubramanian M. A new paradigm on experimental investigation of concrete for e-plastic waste management. Int. J. Eng. Trends Technol. 2014 Apr;10(4):180-6. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[14] Ghernouti Y, Rabehi B, Bouziani T, Ghezraoui H, Makhloufi A. Fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete containing plastic bag waste fibers (WFSCC). Construction and Building Materials. 2015 May 1;82:89-100. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[15] Rahnema H, Modarresi MH, Lashkari A, Hadianfard MA, Sedaghat S. Study of Properties of High Strength Concrete Reinforced with Industrial Waste Steel Fibers. InAdvanced Materials Research 2012 (Vol. 341, pp. 231-241). Trans Tech Publications Ltd. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[16] Yazdizadeh Z, Marzouk H, Hadianfard MA. Monitoring of concrete shrinkage and creep using Fiber Bragg Grating sensors. Construction and Building Materials. 2017 Apr 15;137:505-12. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[17] Yu R, Spiesz P, Brouwers HJ. Static properties and impact resistance of a green Ultra-High Performance Hybrid Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPHFRC): Experiments and modeling. Construction and Building Materials. 2014 Oct 15;68:158-71. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[18] Marković I. High-performance hybrid-fibre concrete: development and utilisation. IOS Press; 2006. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[19] Park SH, Kim DJ, Ryu GS, Koh KT. Tensile behavior of ultra high performance hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites. 2012 Feb 1;34(2):172-84. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[20] Kim DJ, Park SH, Ryu GS, Koh KT. Comparative flexural behavior of hybrid ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete with different macro fibers. Construction and Building Materials. 2011 Nov 1;25(11):4144-55. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[21] Ahmed SF, Maalej M, Paramasivam P. Flexural responses of hybrid steel–polyethylene fiber reinforced cement composites containing high volume fly ash. Construction and building materials. 2007 May 1;21(5):1088-97. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[22] Banthia N, Gupta R. Hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (HyFRC): fiber synergy in high strength matrices. Materials and structures. 2004 Dec;37(10):707-16. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[23] Khalil W, Ahmed H, Hussein Z. Behavior of high performance artificial lightweight aggregate concrete reinforced with hybrid fibers. InMATEC Web of Conferences 2018 (Vol. 162, p. 02001). EDP Sciences. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[24]   ASTM C136 / C136M-19, Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2019. [View at Publisher]
[25]   ASTM A510 / A510M-20, Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy Steel, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2020. [View at Publisher]
[26] Ebrahimi A, Mahdikhani M. Case study of the statistical distribution of the concretes implemented at Qazvin. Journal of Structural Engineering and Geo-Techniques. 2017 Sep 30;7(2):37-50. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher]
[27]   ACI 211 (2002). Standard practice for selecting proportions for normal, heavyweight, and mass concrete. ACI Committee 211, American Concrete Institute, USA.  [View at Publisher]
[28]   ASTM C192 / C192M-19, Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2019. [View at Publisher]
[29]   BS EN-12390-3. Compressive strength of test specimens. British Standards Institution; 2001. [View at Publisher]
[30] ASTM C496 / C496M-17, Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017. [View at Publisher]
Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application
Volume 5, Issue 4
December 2021
Pages 223-232

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 11 September 2021
  • Revise Date: 27 October 2022
  • Accept Date: 25 November 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics