Trend Analysis of Groundwater Quality Using Coherence and Cross Wavelet (case study of Khorramabad city)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Civil engineering, Ayatollah Ozma Borujerdi University. Borujerd, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Hydraulic Structure, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Ayatollah ozma Borujerdi, Borujerd, Iran.

3 Department of civil engineering, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Today, monitoring groundwater quality and the trend of its changes for drinking, industrial and agricultural uses is very important for the general health of society. Due to changes in groundwater quality that can be due to climatic or human factors, it is necessary to consider and study these resources to maintain their quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality and effective factors in groundwater quality changes in Khorramabad from 2005 to 2018 using the global water quality index (WQI) and coherence and cross wavelet. To achieve this goal, first, the drought assessment of Khorramabad city has been studied according to precipitation data using the index (SPI). Then, using the world water quality index (WQI), the groundwater quality of Khorramabad has been studied. The results showed that the quality of groundwater in Khorramabad during the years 2005 to 2018 was in standard condition. Also, the correlation between the chemical parameters of groundwater has been evaluated. The results of coherence and cross wavelet showed that the relative effect of precipitation with a wavelet coherence coefficient of 0.5 had been more compared to other factors in changes in groundwater quality in Khorramabad city. Therefore, it can be said that the relative impact of climatic factors on changes in groundwater quality in Khorramabad has been more than the other factors. Accordingly, appropriate management strategies for groundwater quality resources and mitigation solutions are imperatively needed to ensure the sustainability of the groundwater resource and the protection of public health in Khorramabad city.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] Memon M, Soomro MS, Akhtar MS, Memon KS. Drinking water quality assessment in Southern Sindh (Pakistan). Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2011 Jun;177(1):39-50. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[2] Vijai K, Khan SM. Analysis of groundwater quality for irrigation purpose in Pennagaram block of Dharmapuri District, Tamilnadu, India. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2022 Jan 1;48:527-34. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[3] Udeshani WA, Dissanayake HM, Gunatilake SK, Chandrajith R. Assessment of groundwater quality using water quality index (WQI): A case study of a hard rock terrain in Sri Lanka. Groundwater for Sustainable Development. 2020 Oct 1;11:100421. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[4] Boyacioglu H. Development of a water quality index based on a European classification scheme. Water Sa. 2007;33(1). [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[5] Hasan MS, Rai AK. Groundwater quality assessment in the Lower Ganga Basin using entropy information theory and GIS. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020 Nov 20;274:123077. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[6] Krishan G, Singh S, Kumar CP, Garg P, Suman G, Ghosh NC, Chaudhary A. Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking purpose by using water quality index (WQI) in Muzaffarnagar and Shamli Districts, Uttar Pradesh, India. Hydrol Current Research. 2016;7(227):2. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[7] Ghaffari M, Chavoshbashi AA, Eslami A, Hatami H, Pourakbar M, Hashemi M. Spatial and temporal variation of groundwater quality around a volcanic mountain in northwest of Iran. Groundwater for Sustainable Development. 2021 Aug 1;14:100627. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[8] Tiwari AK, Singh AK. Hydrogeochemical investigation and groundwater quality assessment of Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh. Journal of the Geological Society of India. 2014 Mar;83(3):329-43. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[9] Talebi A, Elmi MR, Rajabi Mohammadi F, Parvizi S. Trend Investigation of Water Quality Variations in Zayande-Roud River During Dry and Wet Years. Environment and Water Engineering. 2019 Jan 21;4(4):310-20. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[10] Sprague LA. Drought effects on water quality in the south platte river basin, colorado 1. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 2005 Feb;41(1):11-24. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[11] Dorgham MM, Abdel-Aziz NE, El-Deeb KZ, Okbah MA. Eutrophication problems in the western harbour of Alexandria, Egypt. Oceanologia. 2004;46(1). [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[12] Lucassen EC, Smolders AJ, van der Salm AL, Roelofs JG. High groundwater nitrate concentrations inhibit eutrophication of sulphate-rich freshwater wetlands. Biogeochemistry. 2004 Feb;67(2):249-67. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[13] Soleimani-Sardo M, Soleimani Motlagh M, Ebrahimi Khusfi Z. Evaluating precipitation estimates over Jazmurian Basin using satellite images and ground-based observations. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology. 2020 Feb 20;7(2):35-43. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[14] Sarti O, Otal E, Morillo J, Ouassini A. Integrated assessment of groundwater quality beneath the rural area of R'mel, Northwest of Morocco. Groundwater for Sustainable Development. 2021 Aug 1;14:100620. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[15] Fernández N, Ramírez A, Solano F. Physico-chemical water quality indices-a comparative review. Bistua: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas. 2004;2(1):19-30. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[16] Gintamo TT, Mengistu H, Kanyerere T. GIS-based modelling of climate variability impacts on groundwater quality: Cape Flats aquifer, Cape Town, South Africa. Groundwater for Sustainable Development. 2021 Nov 1;15:100663. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[17] Varol S, Şener Ş, Şener E. Assessment of groundwater quality and human health risk related to arsenic using index methods and GIS: A case of Şuhut Plain (Afyonkarahisar/Turkey). Environmental Research. 2021 Nov 1;202:111623. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[18] Cordoba EB, Martinez AC, Ferrer EV. Water quality indicators: Comparison of a probabilistic index and a general quality index. The case of the Confederación Hidrográfica del Júcar (Spain). Ecological Indicators. 2010 Sep 1;10(5):1049-54. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[19] Zeinali B, FARIDPOUR M, ASGHARI SS. Investigate the effect meteorological and hydrological drought on groundwater quantity and quality (Case study: Marand Plain). [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[20] Astaraie-Imani M, Kapelan Z, Fu G, Butler D. Assessing the combined effects of urbanisation and climate change on the river water quality in an integrated urban wastewater system in the UK. Journal of environmental management. 2012 Dec 15;112:1-9. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[21] Khosravi H, Karimi K, NAKHAEE NF, Mesbahzadeh T. Investigation of spatial structure of groundwater quality using geostatistical approach in Mehran Plain, Iran. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[22] Rabah FK, Ghabayen SM, Salha AA. Effect of GIS interpolation techniques on the accuracy of the spatial representation of groundwater monitoring data in Gaza strip. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[23] Kawagoshi Y, Suenaga Y, Chi NL, Hama T, Ito H, Van Duc L. Understanding nitrate contamination based on the relationship between changes in groundwater levels and changes in water quality with precipitation fluctuations. Science of the total environment. 2019 Mar 20;657:146-53. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[24] Komasi M, Alami M, Nourani V. Drought forecasting by SPI index and ANFIS model using fuzzy C-mean clustering. Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian). 2013 Aug 1;24(4):90-102. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[25] Hassanzadeh Y, Lotfollahi-Yaghin MA, Shahverdi S, Farzin S, Farzin N. De-noising and prediction of time series based on the wavelet algorithm and chaos theory (Case study: SPI drought monitoring index of Tabriz city). Iran-Water Resources Research. 2013 Jan 20;8(3):1-3. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[26] McKee TB, Doesken NJ, Kleist J. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. InProceedings of the 8th Conference on Applied Climatology 1993 Jan 17 (Vol. 17, No. 22, pp. 179-183). [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[27] Labat D. Cross wavelet analyses of annual continental freshwater discharge and selected climate indices. Journal of Hydrology. 2010 May 7;385(1-4):269-78. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[28] Breaker LC, Liu PC, Torrence C. Intraseasonal oscillations in sea surface temperature, wind stress, and sea level off the central California coast. Continental Shelf Research. 2001 Apr 1;21(6-7):727-50. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[29] Nourani V, Alami MT, Vousoughi FD. Hybrid of SOM-clustering method and wavelet-ANFIS approach to model and infill missing groundwater level data. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering. 2016 Sep 1;21(9):05016018. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[30] Luterbacher J, Xoplaki E, Dietrich D, Jones PD, Davies TD, Portis D, Gonzalez‐Rouco JF, Von Storch H, Gyalistras D, Casty C, Wanner H. Extending North Atlantic oscillation reconstructions back to 1500. Atmospheric Science Letters. 2001 Jan;2(1‐4):114-24. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[31] Tavassoli S, Mohammadi F. Groundwater Quality Assessment Based on WQI and Its Vulnerability to Saltwater Intrusion in a Coastal City, Iran. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection. 2017;5(06):86. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[32] Toledo LG, Nicolella G. Water quality index for agricultural and urban watershed use. Scientia Agricola. 2002;59:181-6. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[33] Sharma RC, Rawat JS. Monitoring of aquatic macroinvertebrates as bioindicator for assessing the health of wetlands: A case study in the Central Himalayas, India. Ecological indicators. 2009 Jan 1;9(1):118-28. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[34] Rashki A, Middleton NJ, Goudie AS. Dust storms in Iran–Distribution, causes, frequencies and impacts. Aeolian Research. 2021 Jan 1;48:100655. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
[35] Asghari Sarskanroud S, Doltshahi Z. Reviews and impact of chemicals on water quality obtained in khorramabad city, using standards (National, World Health Organization and Epa). Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards. 2016 Aug 22;5(8):31-52. [View at Google Scholar]; [View at Publisher].
Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application
Volume 5, Issue 4
December 2021
Pages 164-176

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 09 October 2021
  • Revise Date: 22 October 2021
  • Accept Date: 03 December 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics