TY - JOUR ID - 91995 TI - An Investigation into the Effect of Foliation Orientation on Displacement of Tunnels Excavated in Metamorphic Rocks JO - Journal of Civil Engineering and Materials Application JA - JCEMA LA - en SN - 2676-332X AU - Lotfollahi, Sina AU - Ghorji, Mohamad AU - Hoseini Toodashki, Vahid AD - Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. AD - Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran. AD - Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic AzadU niversity, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran. Y1 - 2018 PY - 2018 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 138 EP - 145 KW - Tunnel KW - Excavation KW - Metamorphic rock KW - Foliation orientation DO - 10.22034/jcema.2018.91995 N2 - Rocks show a different behavior towards excavation due to their continuity or discontinuity, elastic or inelastic behavior, isotropy or anisotropy and homogenous or heterogeneous nature and the response behavior of tunnels has always been a concern for geotechnical engineers during excavation operations in a variety of stones. Anisotropic rocks have different properties in different directions and also in different locations. In the present study, the effect of foliation orientation on the displacement of tunnels excavated in metamorphic rocks is evaluated. Hence the tunnel excavation is modeled for a metamorphic rock medium in different directions of foliation plane. The results show that the vertical displacement of tunnel crown is seen at a distance of 4 to 6 m from the critical tunnel face in all samples, where more than 60% of deformations occur. It should be noted that 20% of deformations are reported at a distance of 6 to 15 m along the excavation face section. UR - https://www.jcema.com/article_91995.html L1 - https://www.jcema.com/article_91995_a14606dbd3a8542ef315e1d6148003a9.pdf ER -